MRI protocols
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[edit] Tissue Colors:
Water and pathology: White on T2, dark on T1. Pathology stays white on FLAIR, water doesn't
Fat: white on T1 and T2, dark on STIR and out of phase
Hematoma: varying with time
Bone Marrow: normally fatty (white on t1), replaced with edema or other pathology (dark on T1)
Axons: fatty
Gray matter infarct: opposite of csf on DWI and ADC.
Bone cortex, stones, and ligaments: dark on everything. Contusion is white
Tumor: hypervascular (neovascularity): white with gadolinium
Liver, Kidney, adrenals, Pancreas: tumor patterns, just look up in brant and helms or mri book.
Approach to protocols
- MRI- white fat, dark air, bone, metal, grey tissue
- T1 -MRI with dark fluid
- T2 -MRI with white water, inflammation; cartilage is black
- Gadolinium - with fat suppressionT1 with bright blood, dark fat.
- STIR- T2 with dark fat
- FLAIR - T2 with dark water
- In and Out of phase - highlight interfaces with fat on one side.
- Proton Density - cartilage is grey, and you can suppress the fat
- DWI - ADC - white apoptosis + - T2 signal
- FISP - ??
[edit] Brain
Routine- Axial Gadolinium T1, T2, FLAIR, MPGR, DWI - ADC. T1 Coronal, Sagittal. T1 Gadolinium sagittal.
- Orbits - Routine, but do thin coronal and axial pre and post Gadoliniumsections through orbit. Coronal T2.
- Pituitary - Routine, but do small field of view T1 pre and post Gadoliniumand dynamic coronal T1 Gadoliniumthrough pituitary.
- Seizure - Routine plus thin T2 and FLAIR coronals.
- MS - Routine plus thing sagittal FLAIR.
- Internal Auditory Canal - thin T2 axial, thin T1 pre and post Gadoliniumcoronal and axial.
- Neck- T1, T2, Gadolinium, fat suppression T1 and T2.
[edit] Spine
Axial and Sagittal T1 and T2 and T1 Gadolinium with fat suppression. Sagittal STIR.
[edit] Abdomen
- Routine - coronal and Axial T2 HASTE. Axial In and out of phase. Axial T2 TSE
- Liver - routine + Axial FISP, dynamic Gadolinium (VIBE at pre, 1,3,4,10 min.)
- Pancreas - Liver except change FISP to SPGR
- MRCP - Lver without Gadolinium, add oblique coronal T2s with thin and thick slabs.
- Adrenals - routine + dynamic Gadolinium, Axial SPGR.
- Kidneys - Liver except Coronal Gadolinium vibe instead of FISP.
- Uterus - Axial and Sagittal T1, Coronal and Sagittal T2, Gadolinium axial, sagittal
- Prostate - Sagittal, Axial, Coronal T1 and T2, Gadolinium axial, sagittal
[edit] Extremeties
to come.
